Go through the course Try Docker, and here’re the commands used in the three steps:

Level 1.
docker container run httpd:2.4

docker container run -p 80:80 httpd:2.4

docker container run -p 9999:80 httpd:2.4

docker container ls
docker container exec elegant_noether du -mh

docker container exec -it elegant_noether /bin/bash
du -mh.

docker container exec -it elegant_noether /bin/bash
apt-get install -y fortunes
/usr/games/fortune

docker container exec -it elegant_noether /bin/bash
PATH=$PATH:/usr/games/
export PATH
fortune

Level 2:
Dockerfile
FROM httpd:2.4
EXPOSE 80
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y fortunes
LABEL maintainer="moby-dock@example.com"

$ docker image build --tag web-server:1.0 .

$ docker image ls

$ docker container run -p 80:80 web-server:1.0

Level 3:
$ curl localhost:80/page.html
$ docker container cp page.html elegant_noether:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/

Add COPY page.html /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ to Dockerfile

$ docker container run -p 80:80 --detach web-server:1.1
curl localhost:80/page.html

$ docker run -d -p 80:80 --name my-web -v /my-files:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs we
b-server:1.1
docker container exec -it my-web /bin/bash
root@ba07c56ea949:/usr/local/apache2# cd /usr/loca/apache2/htdocs
ls -la

More resources suggested by author:

https://www.docker.com/
https://hub.docker.com/explore/
https://www.pluralsight.com/paths/docker
https://github.com/portainer/portainer